AG真人国际厅

　　实施乡村振兴战略是新时代“三农”工作的总抓手。目前，贫困地区在推进乡村振兴的过程中，还存在许多政策瓶颈急需突破。为此，笔者与湖北恩施州农业农村局有关同志对恩施州开展了专题调研。 

　　贫困山区乡村振兴政策瓶颈 

　　GUANYUJICENGNONGJIDUIWUDEZHENGCEPINGJING。YISHIJINRENNAN。QUANZHOU91GEXIANG（ZHEN、BAN）XIANYOUJICENGNONGYEZHONGXIN101GE，ZAIGANGNONGJIRENYUAN1351REN，PINGJUNMEIGECUNCONGSHINONGYEJISHUTUIGUANGDEBUZU0.5REN。ZI2006NIANSHIXINGGAIGEHOU，GEXIANSHINONGYEFUWUZHONGXINJUNMEIYOUZHAOLUXINREN，JIANSHAOLEJIN400REN（ZHUYAOSHITUIXIURENYUAN），QIECHENGXIANZHUNIANDIJIANDEQUSHI。QUANZHOUJICENGNONGJIDUIWUZAIGANGRENYUANZHONG35SUIYIXIAJINYOU2REN，ZHAN0.15%；36SUIZHI50SUI869REN，ZHAN64.32%；50SUIYISHANG480REN，ZHAN35.53%，CUNZAIQINGHUANGBUJIE、JINRENNANDEXIANXIANG。ERSHIJINSHENGNAN。QUANZHOUJICENGNONGJIDUIWUZAIGANGRENYUANZHONG，HUODEFUGAOZHICHENGJIN9REN，ZHAN0.67%；HUODEZHONGJIZHICHENG648REN，ZHAN47.96%；HUODECHUJIZHICHENG681REN，ZHAN50.41%；13RENWUJISHUZHICHENG，ZHAN0.96%。ANZHAOSHENGYOUGUANWENJIANGUIDING，NONGYEXINGYEDEZHUANYEJISHURENYUANZHONGGAOJIZHISHUZHIYOU35%，BIQITAXINGYEDI10%，BUFENNIANFULIQIANGDEJISHUGUGANMIANLINZHIJIJINSHENGDETIANHUABAN，ZHEIYANZHONGYINGXIANGLEJICENGNONGJIFUWURENYUANDEGONGZUOJIJIXING。SANSHIZHISHIGENGXINNAN。QUANZHOUJICENGNONGJIDUIWUZAIGANGRENYUANZHONG，BENKEJIYISHANGXUELI123REN，ZHAN9.1%；DAZHUANXUELI624REN，ZHAN46.19%；ZHONGZHUANXUELI604REN，ZHAN44.71%。BENSHENXUELICENGCIJIUBUGAO，JIASHANGSHOUZHIYUDANWEIXINGZHI、SHENFENBIANZHIDENGYUANYIN，ZHEIPIRENYUANHENNANDEDAOXITONGXINGDEZHISHIGENGXINPEIXUN，MANZUBULEPINKUNDIQUCHANYEFAZHANDUIFUHEXINGRENCAIDEXUYAO，CUNZAIKEJIFUWUNENGLIBUZUDEXIANXIANG。 

　　GUANYUSHANQUNONGYEJIXIEHUAYUNYONGFANGMIANDEZHENGCEPINGJING。YOUYULAODONGLIDALIANGWAICHUWUGONGDAOZHIENSHIZHOURENKOULAOLINGHUA、NENGLIRUOHUADENGWENTITUCHU，DABUFENCUNZHUANGCHENGXIANKONGXINHUA，“SHEILAIZHONGDI”WENTIRIQUYANZHONG，CHANYEFAZHANLAODONGLIDUANQUE，NONGYEJIXIEHUAYUNYONGQUEFASHENGCHANZHUTI。YOUYUSHIYISHANQUDEBUSHAOJIXIEMEIYOUJINRUGUOJIANONGJIGOUZHIBUTIEMULU，TEBIESHIJINNIANLAISUIZHENONGJIGOUZHIBUTIEZHENGCEDEDIAOZHENGBIANHUA，SHIYISHANQUZUOYEDEXIAOXINGJIJU、TESECHANYEJIJU、SHESHINONGYE、LENGZANGSHEBEIDENGBUTIEPINMUJIANSHAO，BUFENSHANQUZUOYEJIJUBUTIEQUXIAO，DANJIBUTIEEDUXIADIAO，ZHENGCEYOUHUIJILIZUOYONGRUOHUA。TONGSHI，ZHENGCEDUIQIYE、DAZHUANYUANXIAO、KEYANYUANXIAODUISHANQUNONGJIYANFACHUANGXINJILIZHIXIANGYOUXIAN，SHANQUBENDINONGJISHENGCHANQIYEJISHAO，DAZHUANYUANXIAOJIXIESHEJIZHUANYEQUESHI，DISHIZHOUJINONGJIKEYANZHANSUOQUERENQUEQIAN，BUJUBEIYANFASHENGCHANSHIYIBENDINONGYEJIJUDENENGLI，SHANQUNONGYESHENGCHANFAZHANYUNONGJIJUJINQUEDEMAODUNZAIDUANQINEIHENNANDEDAOGENBENGAIGUAN。 

　　GUANYUSHICHANGZHUTIRONGZIFANGMIANDEZHENGCEPINGJING。ZAIJINRONGZHENGCESHANG，ZHICHINONGYEFAZHANDEJINRONGZHENGCELUODINAN，JINRONGCHANPINDANYI，DAIKUANMENJIANGAO。ENSHIZHOUNONGYEQIYEDADOUSHUYUXIAOWEIQIYE，HAICHUYUFAZHANYUKUOZHANGJIEDUAN，RONGZIXUQIUDA，DANYOUYUNONGYEQIYEKEZUOWEIYINXINGDAIKUANDEDANBAODIYAWUXUQIUSHICHANGXIAZHAI，NANYICHUZHIBIANXIAN，JINRONGJIGOUCHUYUJIANGDIXINDAIFENGXIANDEKAOLV，GUIMOXIAO、FENGXIANDADENONGYEXIAOWEIQIYENANYIHUODEYINXINGQINGLAI。JINNIANLAI，SUIRANTONGGUONONGCUNJITICHANQUANZHIDUGAIGE、NONGCUNJITILINQUANZHIDUGAIGEDENGFANGSHI，BUFENYINXINGCHUTAILETUDIJINGYINGQUAN、LINDIJINGYINGQUANDIYADAIKUANBANFA，DANPINGGUBIAOZHUNJIAODI。TONGSHI，YOUYUJINRONGJIGOUDUIYUJICENGXINDAIYUANSHIXINGDAIKUANZERENZHONGSHENZHUIJIUZHIDU，DUIBULIANGDAIKUANCHULIDEZHONG，DUIZHENGCHANGSHOUHUIDEDAIKUANYOUJIANGLIDI，JIASHANGXIAOWEIQIYEZHENGXINXITONGBUJIANQUAN，XINDAIYUANZAIRENDINGQIYEXINDAIZIZHIHEDAIKUANJINESHI，HUISHELIGENGYANKEDEBIAOZHUN，SHENZHIHUIXINGCHENGNINGKEWUGONG、BUKEYOUGUODE“BICUO”XINLI，JICENGYINXING“KONGDAI”“SHENDAI”QINGKUANGPUBIAN，JIAJULERONGZINANDAIKUANDIWENTI。 

AG真人国际厅　　GUANYUNONGYEQIYEYONGDISHENPIFANGMIANDEZHENGCEPINGJING。NONGYEQIYEYOUYUJINGYINGXUQIU，BUJUBEIJINZHUGONGYEYUANQUDETIAOJIAN，DUOSHUQIYEZAIXUANZHIGUOCHENGZHONGXUANZEKAOJINYUANCAILIAOCHANDI，JIBENSHANGDOUWEIYUNONGCUN。YOUYUENSHIZHOUTESHUDEDIXINGDIMAO，NONGCUNKELIYONGTUDICHULEGENGDI、NONGMINZHAIJIDIWAI，DABUFENTUDISHULINYEHESHENGTAIYONGDI，ERQUANZHOUYOU40%SHUYUSHENGTAIGONGNENGQU，QIESHIGUOJIAGUIDINGDEXIANZHIKAIFAQU，GUOJIAHONGGUANZHENGCEDUIYUSHENGTAIBAOHUYOUYINGXINGYAOQIU，XIANGGUANSHICHANGZHUTIYAOJINYIBUKUODAJINGYINGGUIMO，XUYAOYIDINGDETUDIZIYUANYONGYUSHENGCHANJIDI、JIAGONGCHANGFANG、PEITAOSHESHIDEJIANSHE，QIYEYONGDISHENBAOMIANLINJIBENNONGTIAN、SHENGTAILINBAOHUDENGDUOZHONGSHENGTAIHONGXIANDEZHIYUE。　

AG真人国际厅　　GUANYUJICENGCUNGANBUDAIYUBAOZHANGFANGMIANDEZHENGCEPINGJING。2015NIANHUBEISHENGCHUTAIWENJIANGUIDING，CUNZHUZHIGANBUGONGZUOBAOCHOUDEDIXIANBIAOZHUNANZHAODANGDIFUXIANGZHENZHANGGONGZISHUIPINGQUEDING。ZAISHIJIZHIXINGZHONG，GEXIANSHIZAIHESUANGONGZIBIAOZHUNSHI，JINHESUANLEDANGDIFUXIANGZHENZHANGDEGONGZIDAIYU，WEIHESUANNIANZHONGJIXIAOJIANGLI、XIANGGUANBUTIEDENGFULIDAIYU，YUXIANGZHENGANBUSHIJISHOURUYOUJIAODACHAJU。MUQIANQUANZHOUCUNZHUZHIGANBUXINCHOUYUE4WANYUAN/NIAN，FUZHIDAIYUJINWEI1-2WANYUAN/NIAN。TONGSHI，LIRENCUNGANBUYANGLAOBAOZHANGEDUDI。2011NIAN，WEIGUIFANHEWANSHANQUANSHENGCHENGXIANGJUMINSHEHUIYANGLAOBAOXIANZHIDU，HUBEISHENGCHUTAIWENJIAN，JIANGCUNZHUZHIGANBUGERENZHANGHUJIJINNARUCHENGXIANGJUMINSHEHUIYANGLAOBAOXIANGERENZHANGHUJIJINTONGYIGUANLI。DANJUJIANSHIXIANCUNGANBUFANYING，CUNGANBUYANGLAOBAOXIANFAFANGBIAOZHUNWEI283YUAN/YUE，ERDIBAOHUWEI375YUAN/YUE、WUBAOHUWEI587YUAN/YUE，CUNZHIBUSHUJITUIXIUHOUBAOZHANGJIAODI，DAOZHIZAIZHICUNGANBUGONGZUOREQINGBUGAO，TONGSHIDUIXINSHENGHOUBEILILIANGDEXIYINLIYEBUZU，PUBIANCUNZAICUNZHILIANGWEIRENCAIJIEGOUSHIHENG、PINGJUNNIANLINGPIANDA、WENHUASHUIPINGPIANDI、WUNIANQINGHOUBEIGANBUDEQINGKUANG。 

AG真人国际厅　　GUANYUJILIXIANGXIANFANXIANGFANGMIANDEZHENGCEPINGJING。MUQIANNONGCUNSHEHUIMIANLINDALIANGRENCAILIUSHIDEKEGUANXIANSHI，XIANGXIANZUOWEINONGCUNYOUXIURENCAIDEZHONGYAOLAIYUAN，SHUXIJIAXIANGQINGKUANG、GUANZHUJIAXIANGFAZHAN、FANBUSHENGYANGZHIDI，YIJINGCHENGWEIXIANGCUNZHENXINGDEZHONGYAOLILIANG。DANENSHIZHOUXIANYOUZHENGCECEZHONGYUXIYINWAIDIRENCAIFANXIANGFAZHANCHANYE，DUIYUZHOUNEIDANRENGUOYIDINGJIBIEXINGZHENGZHIWUDELITUIXIUGANBUYIJIJUYOUHENGAOWEIWANGHEKOUBEIDEPUTONGNONGCUNDANGYUAN、DANGWAIRENSHIYIJIYIBANCUNMINZUOWEIXIANGXIANFANXIANGDEZHENGCEZHICHIBUZU。YIBUFENRENTONGGUOCANYUXIANGCUNZHILI、DIAOJIEMAODUNJIUFENDENG，FANXIANGFAHUIYURE，DANCHUNSHIZUOFENGXIAN，YIBANGULVJIAOSHAO。DANHAIYOUYIBUFENSHANZHANGCONGSHINONGYESHENGCHAN，XIWANGTONGGUOLINGBANQIYEDAILINGCUNMINFAZHANCHANYEZHIFU，ZEZAIYIDINGCHENGDUSHANGHUISHOUXIANGYINGGUIZHANGZHIDU、FALVFAGUIDEXIANZHI。 

　　GUANYUNONGCUNJICHUSHESHIXIANGMUJIANSHEFANGMIANDEZHENGCEPINGJING。ENSHIZHOUBAGEXIANSHIJUNWEIGUOJIAJIZHONGDIANPINKUNXIAN，QIXIANGCUNSHUIDIANQILU、MINSHENGGAISHANDENGGONGCHENGXIANGMUJIANSHEJUEDADUOSHUYOUZHENGFUBUMENTOUZI，DADUOCAIYONGGONGKAIZHAOBIAODEXINGSHI。YOUYUNONGCUNJICHUJIANSHEXIANGMUPUBIANGUIMOJIAOXIAO，QIEGENJUYUSUANSUOBOFADEZIJINYOUXIAN，ZHEISHIDEHENDUOSHIGONGQIYENENGGOUCONGZHONGHUOQUDAODELIRUNXIANGDUIJIAODI，YINCICANYUZHAOTOUBIAODESHIGONGQIYEXIANGDUIJIAOSHAO，NONGCUNXIANGMUJIANSHEGONGCHENGCHANGYINWEITOUBIAOQIYESHULIANGBUZUERLIUBIAO，SHENZHIDUOCIZHAOBIAO，YANZHANGLEXIANGMUGONGQI，WUFASHIXIANJISHIBUZUNONGCUNJINGJISHEHUIFAZHANDEDUANBAN。QIEZAIZHAOTOUBIAOGUOCHENGZHONG，KAIBIAO、DINGBIAODENGHUANJIEJUNYIXINGZHENGDANWEIWEIZHUTI，SHI“TUDIWEISHENGMING”DEGUANGDANONGMINCANYUDUJIAODI，WEIHOUQIDESHUNLISHIGONGMAIXIAYINHUAN。 

　　

　　                                                                                                      对策建议 

　　QIANGHUANONGJIFUWUDUIWUJIANSHE。MINGQUEGEXIANG（ZHEN、BAN）NONGYEJISHUTUIGUANGZHONGXINWEIGONGYIXINGYILEISHIYEDANWEI，YOUXIANSHIBIANZHI、RENSHEGUANLIBUMENYIZHAOFUWUQUYUDAXIAOHEDINGBIANZHI，NARUXIANAGZHENRENGUOJITINGZHIGUANSHIYEDANWEITONGYIGUANLI。CONG2019NIANQI，LIANXU5NIANYUNXUPINKUNXIANSHIMEIGEXIANGZHENMEINIANZHAOLU1MINGNONGJITUIGUANGYUAN，CANZHAOSHIYERENYUANGUANLI。DUIENSHIZHOUMEIGEZHONGDIANPINKUNCUNZHAOPIN1MINGTEPINNONGJIYUAN，ZUOWEIPINKUNCUNKEJIFUPINDAITOUREN。YUNXUXIANYOU“YIQIANYANGSHI”DUIWUZHONG，JUBEITIAOJIANDEKECANJIAGONGWUYUANHESHIYERENYUANZHAOKAO，CHENGJIYOUYI、QUNZHONGRENKEDUGAODE，KETIBAZHONGYONG。JIANGENSHIZHOUNONGYEXINGYEZHUANYEJISHURENYUANZHONGGAOJIZHICHENGBILIYOUXIANXINGDE35%TIGAODAO45%，XINZENGBILIQUANBUQINGXIEDAOXIANGZHEN。 

AG真人国际厅　　TIGAOSHANQUNONGYEJIXIEHUAYUNYONGNENGLI。DUIPINKUNDIQUNONGJIGOUZHIBUTIEZHENGCEANZHAOJINEBAOGAN、BIAOZHUNBUBIAN、MULUZIDING、BEIANGUANLIZHIXING，ZAIBUTIEEDUHEBUTIEBIAOZHUNBUBIANDEQIANTIXIA，YUNXUYOUGEXIANSHIZIXINGZHIDINGBUTIEMULU，SHANGBAOSHENGJIXIANGGUANBUMENBEIAN，JIEJUEPINKUNSHANQUFAZHANSHENGCHANLAODONGLIBUZUDEWENTI。 

AG真人国际厅　　JIANGDISHICHANGZHUTIRONGZIMENJIAN。DUIDAOJIANDANGLIKAPINKUNCUNJIANCHANYEJIDI，DAIDONGPINKUNCUN、PINKUNHUFAZHANZHONGYANGYESHIXIANTUOPINDESHICHANGZHUTI，ANZHAODAIDONGDEPINKUNHUHUSHU，QUEDINGSHOUXINEDU，ZAIHEZUOYINXINGDAIKUANYUNXUCANZHAOFUPINXIAOEXINDAIZHENGCEZHIXING，JIMIANDANBAO、MIANDIYA、QUANTIEXI。JIANLIZHOUJINONGYEBAOXIANFAZHANJIJIN，DUINONGYETIGONGBAOXIANBUTIE。DUIZHONGXIAOQIYEJINRONGFUWUSHIXINGDANDUKAOHE，DUIKEGUANYUANYINXINGCHENGDEZHONGXIAOQIYEBULIANGDAIKUANHEJINZHIGUANLIDEXINDAIRENYUANZUODAOJINZHIZHEMIANZE。 

AG真人国际厅　　POCHUTUDIZIYUANLIYONGPINGJING。XIANGGUANBUMENXUYAOJIEHEENSHIZHOUFAZHANSHIJI，SHIDANGWANSHANTUDIBIANGENGCHENGXU，TIGAOSHENCHA、CESUAN、HUANPINGXIAOLV。ZHONGDIANQINGLIXIANZHITUDI，PANHUOCUNLIANG，DUIXIANZHILIANGNIANYISHANGDETUDI，JIANJUEXIANQIYIFASHOUHUI，GONGJIJIXUYONGDI、XIAOYILIANGHAODEXIANGMU，TIGAOTUDILIYONGXIAOLV，SHIXIANCHANYEYONGDIZHENGCEYUCHANYEFAZHANDAOXIANGXIANGPIPEI。 

　　TIGAOCUNGANBUDAIYU。JIANGNIANZHONGJIXIAOJIANGLI、XIANGGUANBUTIEDENGFULIDAIYUYENARUDAOCUNZHUZHIGANBUGONGZUOBAOCHOUHESUANTIXI，ZAIYIDINGCHENGDUSHANGTIGAOCUNGANBUGONGZIBIAOZHUN。TIGAOCUNGANBUYANGLAOHEJIBENYILIAOBAOXIANEDU，JIANLICAIZHENGZHUANXIANGJIJIN，YONGYUJIEJUETUIXIUCUNGANBUFULIDAIYU，BAOZHENGCUNGANBULAOYOUSUOYANG、BINGYOUSUOYI。 

　　GOUJIANXIANGXIANFANXIANGDEGONGZUOJIZHI。JIANLIZAIWAIRENCAIXINXIKU，YOUDIFANGZHENGFUQIANTOUZUZHIZHAOKAIDIQUXIANGXIANFANXIANGAGZHENRENGUOJITINGHUI，GULIXIANGXIANDAOZIYUANJIAOFENGFU、XIANGCUNRENCAILIUCHUJIAODUODEDIFANGKAIZHANXIANGXIANHUIGUISHIDIANSHIFAN，CHONGFENFAHUIXIANGXIANZAICUNJIZHILIZHONGDEBUWEIHEFUZHUZUOYONG，ZUOHAO“YINZHI、YINZI、YINCAI”GONGZUO。　

　　YOUHUANONGCUNXIANGMULIUCHENG。ZHENDUIPINKUNSHANQUXIANGMUJIANSHEGONGQIZHANG、RENWUJIN、ZIJINSHAODETESHUQINGKUANG，CUNJIXIANGMUJIANSHETONGYIYOUCUNJITIJINGYINGGONGSIFUZEZUZHISHISHI。